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Civil-Comp Proceedings
ISSN 1759-3433 CCP: 17
KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS FOR CIVIL & STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING Edited by: B.H.V. Topping
Paper VIII.3
A Natural Language Processor for Road Accident Data Analysis J. Wu and B.G. Heydecker
Center for Transport Studies, University College London, London, England Full Bibliographic Reference for this paper
J. Wu, B.G. Heydecker, "A Natural Language Processor for Road Accident Data Analysis", in B.H.V. Topping, (Editor), "Knowledge Based Systems for Civil & Structural Engineering", Civil-Comp Press, Edinburgh, UK, pp 197-207, 1993. doi:10.4203/ccp.17.8.3
Abstract
A natural language processing (NLP) system has been developed as a component of a road accident data analyzer. The NLP
extracts information from the English text within road accident records for joint analysis with the coded information in other parts
of the records. The English text is characterised by deviant linguistic phenomena whilst being restricted in linguistic usage. A
corresponding domain specific declarative grammar and lexicon are derived from the dataset using semantic information
represented in a form of lambda expressions. A semantic oriented constraint-based formalism is adopted for the grammar and is
enhanced by a system network technique. An interesting corner passing strategy based upon a bidirectional chart parsing algorithm
is adopted: this provides convenience in the incremental development of the system. The information extracted from the text is
represented in a form of predicates and can be readily incorporated into a functional database. Some useful techniques have been
identified and developed, including a core phrase principle for system development, lambda variable localisation in meaning
interpretation and a subsumption principle for constraint imposition.
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