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Y. Chang, Y. Jo, D. Kim, "CFD Simulation of Multi Rotor-Induced DWOW and Its Effects on Human", in P. Iványi, J. Kruis, B.H.V. Topping, (Editors), "Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing", Civil-Comp Press, Edinburgh, UK, Online volume: CCC 10, Paper 9.6, 2025,

Keywords: urban air mobility, vertical take-off and landing, multi-rotor, downwash and outwash, computational fluid dynamics, unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes.

Abstract

When a vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft employing multiple rotors is operated, the resulting downwash and outwash (DWOW) can critically affect nearby structures, ground facilities, and the stability of adjacent aircraft. Accordingly, for safe urban air mobility (UAM) operations within urban environments, it is essential to identify the range of DWOW effects at vertiports and assess their impact on the human body. In this study, simulations were conducted using the commercial CFD software STAR- CCM+ to investigate the DWOW generated by tandem rotors. By varying the distance between the rotor and a human model, the influence of DWOW was analyzed under various conditions. The results confirmed that the DWOW generated by multi-rotors can pose a practical hazard within certain ranges and should be taken into consideration in vertiport design. Therefore, this work is expected to provide fundamental data for understanding potential hazards that may arise when operating vertiports and to offer a reference for future research and design.

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Front Page Browse CCC CCP CSETS CTR IJRT Other Authors Search Purchase Guide FAQ Contact us	Civil-Comp Conferences ISSN 2753-3239 CCC: 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE EIGHTEENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL, STRUCTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING COMPUTING Edited by: P. Iványi, J. Kruis and B.H.V. Topping Paper 9.6 CFD Simulation of Multi Rotor-Induced DWOW and Its Effects on Human Y. Chang¹, Y. Jo² and D. Kim² ¹Department of Aeronautical Systems Engineering, Hanseo University, Taean, South Korea ²Department of Unmanned Aircraft Systems, Hanseo University, Taean, South Korea Full Bibliographic Reference for this paper Y. Chang, Y. Jo, D. Kim, "CFD Simulation of Multi Rotor-Induced DWOW and Its Effects on Human", in P. Iványi, J. Kruis, B.H.V. Topping, (Editors), "Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing", Civil-Comp Press, Edinburgh, UK, Online volume: CCC 10, Paper 9.6, 2025, Keywords: urban air mobility, vertical take-off and landing, multi-rotor, downwash and outwash, computational fluid dynamics, unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes. Abstract When a vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft employing multiple rotors is operated, the resulting downwash and outwash (DWOW) can critically affect nearby structures, ground facilities, and the stability of adjacent aircraft. Accordingly, for safe urban air mobility (UAM) operations within urban environments, it is essential to identify the range of DWOW effects at vertiports and assess their impact on the human body. In this study, simulations were conducted using the commercial CFD software STAR- CCM+ to investigate the DWOW generated by tandem rotors. By varying the distance between the rotor and a human model, the influence of DWOW was analyzed under various conditions. The results confirmed that the DWOW generated by multi-rotors can pose a practical hazard within certain ranges and should be taken into consideration in vertiport design. Therefore, this work is expected to provide fundamental data for understanding potential hazards that may arise when operating vertiports and to offer a reference for future research and design. download the full-text of this paper (PDF, 9 pages, 666 Kb) go to the previous paper go to the next paper return to the table of contents return to the volume description
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