Keywords: high-speed maglev train, boundary layer, aerodynamic drag reduction, blowing and suction, computational fluid dynamics, flow control.

High-speed maglev trains, as an important component of future urban transportation systems, have drawn continuous attention regarding their operational efficiency and energy utilization. This study aims to explore the use of air blowing and suction technology to reduce air resistance during maglev train operation, thereby improving operational efficiency and reducing energy consumption. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods, the research investigates the evolution characteristics of the boundary layer on the surface of high-speed maglev trains and the distribution of aerodynamic resistance. By setting blowing and suction holes in the transition area between the streamlined head and the uniform cross-section body of the train, a blowing and suction boundary layer control scheme is proposed to reduce resistance. Through numerical simulations of the aerodynamic drag of the train with blowing and suction holes set in three different regions: before the separation point, including the separation point, and after the separation point, the impact of the blowing and suction techniques on train drag is analyzed. In the suction mode, when the suction speed reaches a certain value, the aerodynamic resistance of the vehicle decreases, in the blowing mode, the aerodynamic resistance of the vehicle increases at most blowing speeds, Within the studied suction speed range, the drag reduction rate increases with increasing suction speed, with the maximum drag reduction rate of the entire train reaching 3.26%. The results provide new insights for aerodynamic drag reduction of high-speed maglev trains.

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