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S.T. Hengeveld^1,2, B. Schotsman³, H. Slot², D. Leonetti¹ and J. Maljaars^1,2

¹Structural Engineering and Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands
²Reliable Structures, TNO, Delft, The Netherlands
³, ProRail, Utrecht, The Netherlands

doi:10.4203/ccc.15.12.6

S.T. Hengeveld, B. Schotsman, H. Slot, D. Leonetti, J. Maljaars, "Squat Monitoring Campaign: Set-Up and Results", in J. Pombo, (Editor), "Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Railway Technology: Research, Development and Maintenance ", Civil-Comp Press, Edinburgh, UK, Online volume: CCC 15, Paper 12.6, 2026, doi:10.4203/ccc.15.12.6

Keywords: squats, track monitoring, fatigue crack growth rate, ultrasonic inspection, rolling contact fatigue, R260mn.

Abstract

Squats are rolling contact fatigue defects that may lead to rail fracture and hence increase of maintenance costs. This paper presents the results of a squat monitoring programme designed to measure fatigue crack growth under operational conditions. Four squats were monitored over a period of eight months using ultrasonic measurements, visual inspection, and magnetic particle testing. The observed crack growth is between 0mm and 6mm during the monitoring period, depending on the squat. The estimation of this growth depends on the used ultrasonic probe angle. In addition to these periodic inspections, a continuous monitoring system was installed, measuring the vertical acceleration of the track in the vicinity of the defect.

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Front Page Browse CCC CCP CSETS CTR IJRT Other Authors Search Purchase Guide FAQ Contact us	Civil-Comp Conferences ISSN 2753-3239 CCC: 15 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RAILWAY TECHNOLOGY: RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE Edited by: J. Pombo Paper 12.6 Squat Monitoring Campaign: Set-Up and Results S.T. Hengeveld^1,2, B. Schotsman³, H. Slot², D. Leonetti¹ and J. Maljaars^1,2 ¹Structural Engineering and Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands ²Reliable Structures, TNO, Delft, The Netherlands ³, ProRail, Utrecht, The Netherlands doi:10.4203/ccc.15.12.6 Full Bibliographic Reference for this paper S.T. Hengeveld, B. Schotsman, H. Slot, D. Leonetti, J. Maljaars, "Squat Monitoring Campaign: Set-Up and Results", in J. Pombo, (Editor), "Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Railway Technology: Research, Development and Maintenance ", Civil-Comp Press, Edinburgh, UK, Online volume: CCC 15, Paper 12.6, 2026, doi:10.4203/ccc.15.12.6 Keywords: squats, track monitoring, fatigue crack growth rate, ultrasonic inspection, rolling contact fatigue, R260mn. Abstract Squats are rolling contact fatigue defects that may lead to rail fracture and hence increase of maintenance costs. This paper presents the results of a squat monitoring programme designed to measure fatigue crack growth under operational conditions. Four squats were monitored over a period of eight months using ultrasonic measurements, visual inspection, and magnetic particle testing. The observed crack growth is between 0mm and 6mm during the monitoring period, depending on the squat. The estimation of this growth depends on the used ultrasonic probe angle. In addition to these periodic inspections, a continuous monitoring system was installed, measuring the vertical acceleration of the track in the vicinity of the defect. download the full-text of this paper (PDF, 6 pages, 1305 Kb) go to the previous paper go to the next paper return to the table of contents return to the volume description
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