Keywords: high-speed maglev, long stator linear synchronous motor, magnetic saturation, air gap relative permeance, motor parameters, finite element simulation.

The conventional electromagnetic suspension (EMS) maglev motor is operated under conditions characterized by pronounced air-gap fluctuations and magnetic saturation, which significantly degrade motor parameter accuracy and controllability. Conventional magnetic-circuit-based parameter models generally neglect saturation effects and thus exhibit considerable deviations from actual operating characteristics. In this paper, a parameter model of long stator linear motor based on dynamic differential permeability and equivalent air gap is proposed by combining analytical model with finite element analysis. An equivalent air-gap model incorporating iron-core reluctance is first derived based on the magnetic circuit method. Subsequently, finite element simulations are performed to obtain magnetic field intensity data in both the air gap and the iron core, and a dynamic magnetization characterization approach based on differential permeability is adopted to identify the saturation-dependent relative permeability of the core material. Finally, a saturation-aware analytical parameter model is established by integrating the equivalent air gap with the identified permeability characteristics. Comparative analyses with finite element results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves parameter prediction accuracy under small air-gap and magnetic saturation conditions, thereby providing a reliable foundation for high-performance traction and levitation control of EMS maglev systems.

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