Keywords: cardan shaft, condition estimation, China Railway High-speed 5, gearbox vibration, Hilbert-Huang transforms, frequency energy, in-service train monitoring.

Targeting the special location and structure of CRH5 cardan shaft, an estimation method and technique based on the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) to identify the work state of a cardan shaft from the gearbox vibration is investigated. Based on the bench test and in-service train monitor experience, the characteristic frequency separation method using empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and an instantaneous frequency energy analysis method are verified, and a preliminary condition estimation model of the cardan shaft is set up. The gearbox vibration signal is a multi-component signal and EMD could exactly decompose the signal into a number of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). The characteristic frequency could be separated effectively from the gearbox vibration signal by applying EMD. Furthermore, the corresponding IMF component of the characteristic frequency in the drive system can be obtained from the centre frequency of each IMF. When dynamic imbalance or other faults occur in the cardan shaft, the energy of the characteristic frequency would change correspondingly, so the condition information of the gearbox vibration signal can be extracted effectively from the instantaneous frequency energy spectrum. The analysis of the results from the experimental signals shows that it is feasible to estimate the work state of a cardan shaft from the gearbox vibration by using the characteristic frequency separation method and the instantaneous frequency energy.

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